雅思口语考试卡壳怎么办?很多朋友在口语交流中,想要做到连贯流畅地沟通,将讨论的话题延续下去。
而事实上,时常把口语交流做成了问卷调查。就像是如下没有感情的一问一答。
A:Where are you from?
B:Chengdu, China.
A:Do you like it?
B:Yes.
A:Why?
B:Just like it.
通过对话,大家一定感受到了B同学的冷漠。B同学开始反省,觉得自己欠缺高级词汇导致自己表达的障碍。也怕说多错多,语法句型有问题。他的想法很危险,大家不要学他。很有可能在使用所谓的高级词汇时,因不熟悉和用法不恰当,进而影响流利度。而且过度纠结语法,思考句型结构,思考卡壳的时间一长,也会造成流利度的损失。
最重要的是,在沟通交流中减少思考时间,有逻辑地把话题扩展下去,而不是只说一个单词或一句话。那如何扩展话题,展现你的沟通能力呢?
下面我们一起来学习泛化到具体的扩展方法,提升表达的逻辑性和流利度。
泛化到具体其实就是对一个概括的观点进行具体的论述,给出数字,例子,表现,原因,感受等具体信息,来丰富自己的表达。
如果对方问:你最喜欢的球星是谁?
你可能会直接说我喜欢库里。但这样的回答会显得比较单一。可以试试像这样具体论述,例如:
数字:我从高中就喜欢他,快7年了。
表现:我空闲时都会关注他的比赛。
举例:他三分特别准,场上表现出色,传球助攻也很厉害。还是2022年的全明星MVP。
通过这个例子,大家应该对泛化到具体有些理解了。现在我们来看看这个方法在英文表达中是如何应用的。
01 Example
What APPs do you often use?
泛化:Um, I use WeChat a lot.
原因:This is because it’s so convenient for me to do many things.
举例:For example, it allows me to chat with my friends and family regardless of time and space. I also use it to check the news and post some interesting things from my life.
感受:So, I feel part of a wider group. That’s great!
数字:And it’s one of the most popular social media in China, like WhatsApp or Facebook Messenger in western countries. Many millions use it to communicate like I do every day.
词汇表达积累
social media 社交媒体
post v. 发布
chat with 和…聊天
allow…to允许...做...
regardless of 无论
02 Example
Do you always work out?
泛化:Well, yes!
表现:I work out on a daily basis,
原因:because it leads to a healthy life as well as shapes my body.
举例:Um, for me, I always lift weights and run on the treadmill in the gym. But sometimes I just play badminton with my friends in the park near my home after dinner.
感受:I feel so good after working out and there is no doubt that regular exercise is part of my life.
词汇表达积累
gym 健身房
work out 运动
on a daily basis 每天
treadmill 跑步机
lift weights 举铁
shape my body 塑形
play badminton 打羽毛球
there is no doubt that... 毫无疑问...
03 Example
Do you like reading novels?
泛化:Um, I am not sure. Well... I don’t think I like reading novels. There’s nothing wrong with it.
原因:It's just I like some other things better.
举例:Actually, I prefer to watch documentaries and play sports with my friends in my free time.
挑一个:Take documentaries for example.
表现:I’ve watched lots of documentaries made by BBC, such as Green Planet, Planet Earth and Global Food.
原因:I am a big fan of it because documentaries can be a great way to open my eyes and help me think differently.
词汇表达积累
novel 小说
prefer to 更喜欢
documentary 纪录片
Take...for example 以...为例
不知道大家有没有发现这个例子的表达逻辑和前面两个例子不太一样。没错,就是“我不是不喜欢什么,而是更喜欢什么”的逻辑,再按照泛化到具体的方法去谈论自己更为熟悉的东西。
在聊天的过程中,总会碰到不清楚,也不知道怎么说的话题,不要慌张,我们可以横向拓展话题,就算没法直击要点,直接回答问题,那也可以围绕话题讨论,做到言之有物。
通过三个例子给大家展示了如何应用泛化到具体的方法。当然,为了更熟练地应用此方法,还需不断地练习。
最后,给大家留了一个小作业,应用泛化到具体的方法回答这个问题:
Can money buy happiness?